 |
| Konark sun temple complex. earthismysterious.com |
 |
| .Konark sun temple, Odisha pexels.com |
The Konark Sun Temple, built in the 13th century during the reign of King Narasimhadeva I, is an architectural marvel dedicated to the Sun God, Surya. One of the most striking features of this temple is its 24 intricately carved wheels, commonly referred to as the time wheels, which serve both architectural and symbolic purposes. These wheels, each about 9 feet and 9 inches in diameter, form the base of the temple’s chariot design and are widely recognized for their artistic beauty and functional precision.
Architectural Precision:
The Sun Temple at Konark is divided into three main sections:
01.Main Shrine (Deul): The central shrine, which once housed the deity, is now largely in ruins but was the heart of the temple. It was connected to the entrance hall (Jagamohana), which remains mostly intact. 02. Prayer Hall: Attached to the shrine is the prayer hall, where rituals and offerings were performed. Both the shrine and prayer hall were designed to symbolize Surya's chariot. 03. Dance Hall (Nata Mandir): In front of the main shrine and prayer hall, a separate pillared hall once hosted ritualistic dances in honor of the deity.
The exterior of the temple is adorned with 12 pairs of gigantic, intricately carved stone wheels, representing the wheels of Surya’s chariot. These wheels not only serve as a symbolic feature but also function as sundials. Between the wheels, detailed carvings depict erotic scenes, dancing figures, celestial nymphs, and other mythological elements, showcasing the artistic mastery of the temple's creators.
The temple was originally drawn by seven galloping horses, four on one side and three on the other, symbolizing the passage of the sun across the sky. Unfortunately, only one horse remains in good condition today. The arrangement of the horses suggests that the chariot was designed to travel in a circular motion, reflecting the cyclical nature of time and the universe
The Sundials of Konak temple
 |
| Konarak Sun temple, time wheel..hindufaqs.com |
 |
| Konarak Sun temple, time wheel..hindufaqs.com |
This system of sundials reflects the advanced scientific knowledge of the temple’s architects and their ability to integrate functionality into artistic design. The positioning of the wheels along the east-facing temple ensures that the sun's rays interact with the wheels at different times, enabling time calculation from sunrise to sunset.
Symbolism of the Wheels
 |
| Konark Sun temple (Deula), Odisha. cdn.britannica.com |
The 24 wheels are laden with deeper meanings. Many interpretations have been proposed to explain their symbolism. One prominent view suggests that the 12 pairs of wheels represent the 12 months of the year, while the seven horses that pull the chariot represent the seven days of the week. Additionally, the 24 wheels are said to symbolize the 24 hours of a day, and the eight major spokes mark the prahars, or the divisions of the day into three-hour periods.
There is also a belief that the wheels of the chariot represent the cycle of life, with its phases of creation, preservation, and realization. Others have connected the wheels to the Buddhist Dharmachakra, interpreting them as the Wheel of Karma or Wheel of Law. This highlights the temple’s symbolic role in promoting philosophical and spiritual ideas through its architecture.
Artistic Splendor
Architecturally, all 24 wheels are similar in form but differ in their decorative details. The central medallions on the wheels often depict erotic figures, adding to the temple’s rich artistic heritage. The rims are carved with intricate designs of animals, birds, and foliage, showcasing the craftsmen’s skill and attention to detail. These ornate designs elevate the wheels beyond their functional role, turning them into works of art that tell the story of life’s cycles and natural beauty.
The time wheels of Konark Sun Temple are a testament to the ingenuity and artistry of ancient Indian architecture, embodying a unique blend of science, symbolism, and spirituality along with advance craftsmanship. .
https://www.britannica.com/place/Konark
http://www.thekonark.in/konarkwheel.html
http://www.industrytap.com/ancient-sun-temple-worlds-biggest-clock/18092
https://wn.com/750_year_old_sundial_at_konark,_india_moondial_t
https://www.hindufaqs.com/secret-sundial-konark-sun-temple-india
