Martyr Madan Lal Dhingra 109 years ago was hanged to death by the British court in London -Indian freedom struggle

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Come August, 2018, 109 years ago, a young Indian student in England gave up  his life for our country so that in the later years we would be free from the unjust British rule and breathe fresh air of freedom. That 26 year old man was none other than Shaheed Madan Lal Dhingra, Punjabi. hailing from a rich family. We got our freedom through sweat , blood and sacrifices of people like Dhingra, Vanchi, VOC and others, but unfortunately, our present politicians with, no firm ideology, are bleeding us while they are wallowing in ill-gotten money. What outrages the people is they have no qualms about their lack of integrity and efficiency when they are in power. Their motto is: 'Their family welfare is more important than people's welfare'.  This great patriot Madan Lal Dhingra remains unknown in many states, in particular, Tamil Nadu due to lack of awareness  and it is a shame. It is our duty to pay a lasting tribute to  Indian freedom fighters who laid their lives during the colonial days.
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Shaheed Madan Lal Dhingra (Punjabi: (18 September 1883 - 17 August 1909), an Indian revolutionary and freedom activist, while he was a student took active interest in protests against the British occupation of India. When he went abroad for higher studies, his patriotic zeal never declined, rather it became prominent.  His assassination of   Sir William Hutt Curzon Wyllie, a British official became one of the few  first acts of revolution abroad  in the 20th century for  Indian independence movement that gripped the entire country.     
Madan Lal Dhingra was born on 8 February 1883 in a Punjabi family in Amritsar, India, his father was a civil surgeon and all his brothers had their education abroad.  When he was a student at the Government College University, Lahore in 1904 he  headed a students' protest rally against the principal, refusing to wear the college Blazer  made of cloth imported from England for which he was expelled from the college. At that time Dhingra was a student in the Master of Arts program. Being a man of independent thinking, he slowly became obsessed with India's fundamental problems, poverty, extensive impoverishment and famine partly created by the British Raj. He was drawn close to nationalist Swadeshi movement as the British were dumping imported clothes,etc and damaging India's vast cottage industries. Only Swaraj - Self rule alone could solve India's mounting problems and it would  stop exploitation of Indians by Britain.  Dhingra had a brief chequered career in India as his labor union activities got him into trouble. Upon his brother Dr. Bihari Lal's advice, from Mumbai he went to England in 1906 for higher studies and there he joined University College, London, to study mechanical engineering. Financial help came from his elder brother. 
Sentenced 17 Aug. 1908 Martyr Madan Lal Dingra. Twitter
In the early1900s, India House in Highgate became a hub of Indian political activists  and  Indian revolutionaries. Here Dhingra came under the influence of noted Indian independence and political activists Vinayak Damodar Savarkar and Shyamji Krishna Varma. They were much impressed by   Dhingra's commitment to India's  freedom struggle by any means including assassination of British officials in India, thus toeing the line of thinking of  Savarkar. He allegedly gave Dhingra arms training and soon began to frequent a shooting range on Tottenham Court Road. He became an active member of  a secretive society, the Abhinav Bharat Mandal founded by Savarkar and his brother Ganesh. The purpose was to free India from the British, if need be through the cult of violence.
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Back in India the partition of Bengal into East Bengal (predominantly Muslims) and West Bengal (predominantly Hindus) in 1905 under the direction of Lord Curzon, using administrative efficiency as an excuse, became a serious political issue and the freedom fighters and others thought it was a ploy to drive a wedge between two communities - Hindus and Muslims.  No doubt this unwanted partition enraged people like Savarkar, Dhingra, and others. Dingra's political activities affected his family's peace and prestige and ultimately his father  Dr. Gitta Mall officially disowned him. 

Earlier Dingra's attempt to assassinate
Lord Curzon, Viceroy of India, the  ex-Governor of Bengal, Bramfield Fuller could not materialize as the timing was not suitable to him. So, he decided to target Curzon Wyllie who  had joined the British Army in 1866 and the Indian Political Department in 1879. His distinguished service got him promotion quickly and at last he became Political Aide-de-Camp to the Secretary of State for India. Further, being  the head of the Secret Police and he had been trying to gather  information about Savarkar and other revolutionaries. So, Dingra made up his mind to target him as Wylie was spreading the net wide on the revolutionaries.
On the evening of 1 July 1909, the Indian National Association at the Imperial Institute, London  hosted the annual 'At Home' function. Also present  at the gala function were a large number of Indians and Englishmen. Sir Curzon Wyllie, political aide-de-camp to the Secretary of State for India was to be present and  Dhingra never wished to miss the opportunity to shoot Wylie. When Wylie was leaving the hall with his wife, Dhingra fired  five shots, four of which hit their target. Cawas Lalcaca[, a Parsee doctor who tried to save Sir Curzon, was hit by the 6th and 7th shot  and died.

Dhingra's suicide attempt, having been failed, he was arrested by the police.  Dhingra was tried in the Old Bailey on 23 July. He argued for himself and did not have a lawyer for him. He said he killed Wylie Curson  as part of his patriotic duty to free India from the oppressive and inhuman rule. It was exploitation of land and people by the British masters all the way. Further, it may be taken as a   revenge for the inhumane killings of countless Indians by the British Government in India who wanted their Home Land back. His killing of Cawas Lalcaca was just accidental. He was sentenced to death by the British Court. When the judge handed down  his verdict, Dhingra is believed  to have stated: "I am proud to have the honor of laying down my life for my country". Madan Lal Dhingra was hanged on 17 August 1909 at Pentonville Prison.

Dhingra's actions also inspired some of the Irish, who were fighting their own struggle at the time.
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 Dhingra made the following statement before the court (vide: Wikipedia):
   '' I do not want to say anything in defence of myself, but simply to prove the justice of my deed. .......''

  '' ..... if it is patriotic in an Englishman to fight against the Germans if they were to occupy this country, it is much more justifiable and patriotic in my case to fight against the English. I hold the English people responsible for the murder of eighty millions of Indian people in the last fifty years, and they are also responsible for taking away ₤100,000,000 every year from India to this country. ............. the English people have no right to occupy India, and it is perfectly justifiable on our part to kill the Englishman who is polluting our sacred land. I am surprised at the terrible hypocrisy, the farce, and the mockery of the English people. They pose as the champions of oppressed humanity—the peoples of the Congo and the people of Russia—when there is terrible oppression and horrible atrocities committed in India; for example, the killing of two millions of people every year and the outraging of our women......''
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madan_Lal_Dhingra

https://navrangindia.blogspot.com/2017/02/the-unfortunate-assassination-of.html